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Carol-Kynea prime

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Revision as of 08:52, 19 June 2019 by Karbon (talk | contribs) (OEIS)
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Definitions

In the context of the Carol/Kynea prime search, a Carol number is a number of the form [math]\displaystyle{ (b^n-1)^2-2 }[/math] and a Kynea number is a number of the form [math]\displaystyle{ (b^n+1)^2-2 }[/math]. A Carol/Kynea prime is a prime which has one of the above forms. A prime of these forms must satisfy the following criteria:

  • b must be even, since if it is odd then [math]\displaystyle{ (b^n±1)^2-2 }[/math] is always even, and thus can’t be prime.
  • n must be greater than or equal to 1. For any b, if n is 0 then (bn±1)2 is equal to 1, and thus yields -1 when 2 is subtracted from it. By definition -1 is not prime. If n is negative then (bn±1)2 is not necessarily an integer.
  • b may be a perfect power of another integer. However these form a subset of another base’s primes (ex. Base 4 Carol/Kynea primes are Base 2 Carol/Kynea primes where [math]\displaystyle{ n \bmod 2 \equiv 0 }[/math]). So it is not necessary to search these bases separately.

Due to the form of these numbers, they are also classified as near-square numbers (numbers of the form n2-k).

History

Top 5 Carol primes

Prime Digits Found by Date
(290124116-1)2-2 611246 Karsten Bonath 2019-03-01
(2695631-1)2-2 418812 Mark Rodenkirch 2016-07-16
(2688042-1)2-2 414243 Mark Rodenkirch 2016-07-05
(17887525-1)2-2 393937 Serge Batalov 2016-05-21
(2653490-1)2-2 393441 Mark Rodenkirch 2016-06-03

Top 5 Kynea primes

Prime Digits Found by Date
(362133647+1)2-2 683928 Karsten Bonath 2019-06-17
(30157950+1)2-2 466623 Serge Batalov 2016-05-22
(2661478+1)2-2 398250 Mark Rodenkirch 2016-06-18
(196858533+1)2-2 385619 Clint Stillman 2017-11-30
(2621443+1)2-2 374146 Mark Rodenkirch 2016-05-30

OEIS sequences

These are available OEIS sequences:

Base Carol Kynea
2 A091515 A091513
6 A100901 A100902
10 A100903 A100904
14 A100905 A100906
22 A100907 A100908

Data

All bases

All bases with their own page are listed here: There are 382 sequences.

Bases which are a power of

There are 22 sequences.

Bases without a Carol prime

There are 62 sequences.

Bases without a Kynea prime

There are 61 sequences.

Bases without a Carol and Kynea prime

There are 1 sequences.

Remaining data

All data not yet given by an own page can be found here.

External links

Number classes
General numbers
Special numbers
Prime numbers
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